Researchers surveyed 114 sports medicine physicians from 38 countries, covering 93 different sports, to explore their views on the use of GLP-1 drugs by athletes. Twelve per cent said they were aware of athletes using the medications despite having no medical need for them.
Physicians most frequently indicated that they believed athletes would consider using GLP-1 drugs to lose weight quickly to meet weight classifications and to manage weight following injury. However, concerns were raised about the potential impact on performance and athlete health, particularly because the drugs suppress appetite and could reduce energy intake leading to metabolic and hormonal health issues.
The study found ‘moderate concern’ among physicians about the non-medical use of GLP-1 drugs in sport, both in terms of potential performance benefits and athlete health and welfare.
While 44% of those surveyed believed GLP-1 drugs should eventually be prohibited in sport, 38% were unsure. Among those supporting a ban, concerns about athlete health and potential harm were the most common reasons given.
The researchers also found evidence that sports medicine physicians were aware of use across a range of sports, including weight-sensitive sports such as cycling, aesthetic sports such as artistic swimming, physique-focused disciplines such as bodybuilding, and endurance sports including swimming.
Speaking about the findings, lead academic Dr Daniel Read said: “We need to take a measured, evidence-based approach to GLP-1 drugs in sport. At present, there simply isn’t enough evidence about their effects on athletic performance, health and long-term wellbeing to justify an immediate ban.
“Instead, we should focus on educating athletes, coaches and support staff about the potential risks, improving monitoring and investing in research to better understand their impact. It’s also important that athletes with a genuine medical need have clear and appropriate pathways to access these medications safely.”
The paper – A Cross-Sectional Survey of Sport Physicians’ Perceptions of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Drug Use 1 in Sport – has been published in the journal, Sports Medicine.
