Although many researchers focus on understanding the biomechanical changes within the ankle joint, this area of study remains challenging due to the inability to directly experiment on living subjects. Some studies use cadaver ankles to simulate surgery, but due to limitations in sensor technology, this method has inherent constraints and potential inaccuracies.

By using finite element models of the foot and ankle that are created and validated from CT or MRI scans, we can simulate various surgical techniques and investigate changes in biomechanical parameters under different load conditions, such as walking, running, and jumping. These valuable insights provide an opportunity to distinguish between beneficial and adverse biomechanical changes.

Finite element models also allow us to fine-tune surgical techniques to identify optimal approaches without relying heavily on cadaver samples. We hope to further improve ankle fusion surgery through this method, providing theoretical support for post-operative recovery and alleviating patient suffering.