GaWC Research Briefing 5 |
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There has been no accepted list of cities which are deemed to be 'world cities' partly because definitions of the latter have not been agreed upon. Using evidence of advanced producer service provision in cities, we have measured the 'global capacity' of cities. This has enabled us to produce this inventory of cities in different bands of capacity. For details of the methodology used see GaWC Research Bulletin 5. This list of cities should be used for all data collection exercises. The table below is provisional. The GaWC Inventory of World Cities World City Formation: Aggregate Scores for Accounting, Advertising, Banking and LawA. FULL-SERVICE WORLD CITIES (10) 12: London, Paris, New York, Tokyo (4) 10: Chicago, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Los Angeles, Milan, Singapore (6) B. MAJOR WORLD CITIES (10) 9: San Francisco, Sydney, Toronto, Zurich (4) 8: Brussels, Madrid, Mexico City, Sao Paulo (4) 7: Moscow, Seoul (2) C. MINOR WORLD CITIES (35) 6: Amsterdam, Boston, Caracas, Dallas, Dusseldorf, Geneva, Houston, Jakarta, Johannesburg, Melbourne, Osaka, Prague, Santiago, Taipei, Washington (15) 5: Bangkok, Beijing, Montreal, Rome, Stockholm, Warsaw (6) 4: Atlanta, Barcelona, Berlin, Buenos Aires, Budapest, Copenhagen, Hamburg, Istanbul, Kuala Lumpur, Manila, Miami, Minneapolis, Munich, Shanghai (14) C. EVIDENCE OF WORLD CITY FORMATION (67) Ci Relatively strong evidence 3: Athens, Auckland, Dublin, Helsinki, Luxembourg, Lyon, Mumbai, New Delhi, Philadelphia, Rio de Janeiro, Tel Aviv, Vienna (12) Cii Some evidence 2: Abu Dhabi, Almaty, Birmingham, Bogota, Bratislava, Brisbane, Bucharest, Cairo, Cleveland, Cologne, Detroit, Dubai, Ho Chi Minh City, Kiev, Lima, Lisbon, Manchester, Montevideo, Oslo, Rotterdam, Riyadh, Seattle, Stuttgart, The Hague, Vancouver (25) Ciii Minimal evidence 1: Adelaide, Antwerp, Arhus, Baltimore, Bangalore, Bologna, Brazilia, Calgary, Cape Town, Colombo, Columbus, Dresden, Edinburgh, Genoa, Glasgow, Gothenburg, Guangzhou, Hanoi, Kansas City, Leeds, Lille, Marseille, Richmond, St Petersburg, Tashkent, Tehran, Tijuana, Turin, Utrecht, Wellington (30) Results produced by scoring 3 for 'Prime', 2 for 'Secondary' and 1 for 'Potential' from functional classifications.
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